Ubuntu 在busybox裡面執行 fsck

 

Ubuntu 當機，強制重開機後

啟動過程 跑到了 busybox initramfs 界面

fsck 檢查完成後， reboot server，就正常了。

Exchange 2016 Upgrade Cumulative Update

 注意事項：

1. 升級 Cumulative Update ，若是 DAG 架構，須先暫停 DAG
2. DAG 內的 成員必須接連升級, 中間相隔不要超過一天
3. 要用 CMD （run as administrator 權限） 執行，不然會有權限異常，或檔案更新失敗等異常現象
4. 建議先做備份( Exchange & DC )，避免升級失敗

---

流程：

Prepare Active Directory and Domains：

Upgrade Cumulative Update 前製作業：

• Windows Updates 更新到最新版本
• ( 確認目前的 .NET Framework 是否符合需求 )
• https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/exchange/plan-and-deploy/supportability-matrix?view=exchserver-2016
• Restart the server
• Exchange Server 進入 維護模式
• 關閉防毒軟體 服務
• 關閉備份軟體 服務
• 關閉其他軟體 服務 ( MMC、powershell 、監控 )

執行 Cumulative Update ：

• Setup.exe /IAcceptExchangeServerLicenseTerms /Mode:Upgrade [/DomainController:<ServerFQDN>] [/EnableErrorReporting]
• Restart the server

Cumulative Update 後製作業：

• 確認 event logs 是否有 錯誤 或 警告
• 確認 服務 是否都已啟動
• Exchange Server 離開 維護模式
• 檢查 Exchange 是否正常運作

---

Prepare Active Directory and Domains：

Setup.exe /IAcceptExchangeServerLicenseTerms /PrepareSchema

Setup.exe /IAcceptExchangeServerLicenseTerms /PrepareAD

Setup.exe /IAcceptExchangeServerLicenseTerms /PrepareAllDomains

Upgrade Cumulative Update 前製作業：

Exchange Server 進入 維護模式

(請將 ExchangeServer 更改為 你的Exchange Server 電腦名稱，

ExchangeServer01 更改為 你的Exchange Server 電腦名稱，EXDAG01 更改為 DAG Cluster 名稱 )

## 1. Drain the mail queues on the server --將 Mail Queue 清空

Set-ServerComponentState -Identity ExchangeServer -Component HubTransport -State Draining -Requester Maintenance

## 2. Restart-Service

Restart-Service MSExchangeTransport

Restart-Service MSExchangeFrontEndTransport

## 3. Redirect pending messages to another Mailbox server.

Redirect-Message -Server ExchangeServer.coretronic.com -Target ExchangeServer01.coretronic.com

## 4. 有 DAG 的話，須先從 DAG 停用 Server

Suspend-ClusterNode ExchangeServer

## 5. Move all the active databases off of the server to another DAG member.

Set-MailboxServer ExchangeServer -DatabaseCopyActivationDisabledAndMoveNow $True

## 6. Look at the status of the database auto activation policy. Keep this handy. We will need this when we take the server out of maintenance mode.

Get-MailboxServer ExchangeServer | Select DatabaseCopyAutoActivationPolicy

## 7.Block the server from hosting active database copies

Set-MailboxServer ExchangeServer -DatabaseCopyAutoActivationPolicy Blocked

## 8. 確認目前狀態，是否可以進入 maintenance mode

Get-MailboxDatabaseCopyStatus -Server ExchangeServer | Where {$_.Status -eq "Mounted"}

Get-Queue

## 9. Place the server in maintenance mode.

Set-ServerComponentState ExchangeServer -Component ServerWideOffline -State Inactive -Requester Maintenance

## 確認目前狀態

Get-ServerComponentState ExchangeServer | Select Component, State

• 關閉防毒軟體 服務
• 關閉備份軟體 服務
• 關閉其他軟體 服務 ( MMC、powershell 、監控 )

執行 Cumulative Update

• Setup.exe /IAcceptExchangeServerLicenseTerms /Mode:Upgrade [/DomainController:<ServerFQDN>] [/EnableErrorReporting]
• Restart the server

Cumulative Update 後製作業：

• 確認 event logs 是否有 錯誤 或 警告
• 確認 服務 是否都已啟動
• Exchange Server 離開 維護模式

## 1. Take the server out of maintenance mode

Set-ServerComponentState ExchangeServer -Component ServerWideOffline -State

Active -Requester Maintenance

## 2. Unpause the DAG node

Resume-ClusterNode ExchangeServer

## 3. Set the server to allow database copy activation

Set-MailboxServer ExchangeServer -DatabaseCopyActivationDisabledAndMoveNow $False

## 4. Set the database auto activation policy back to its original setting

Set-MailboxServer ExchangeServer -DatabaseCopyAutoActivationPolicy Unrestricted

## 5. Set the hub transport component back to active to allow it to accept connections.

Set-ServerComponentState ExchangeServer -Component HubTransport -State Active -Requester Maintenance

## 6. MS recommends that the transport services be restarted to help this change get picked up immediately.

Restart-Service MSExchangeTransport

Restart-Service MSExchangeFrontEndTransport

## 7. If the server was a DAG member and you moved all the active copies off of the server, you can easily move them back based on mount preference by running the RedistributeActiveDatabases.ps1 script

cd $exscripts

.\RedistributeActiveDatabases.ps1 -DagName "EXDAG01" -BalanceDbsByActivationPreference -SkipMoveSuppressionChecks -Confirm:$false

• 檢查 Exchange 是否正常運作

Get-queue

Get-ClusterNode ExchangeServer

Get-ClusterNode

Test-ServiceHealth ExchangeServer

Get-ExchangeServer | Test-ServiceHealth

Test-MAPIConnectivity -Server ExchangeServer

Get-ExchangeServer | Test-MAPIConnectivity

Get-MailboxDatabaseCopyStatus -Server "ExchangeServer" | Sort Name | Select Name, Status, Contentindexstate

Get-MailboxDatabaseCopyStatus * | Sort Name | Select Name, Status, Contentindexstate

Test-ReplicationHealth -Server ExchangeServer

Get-DatabaseAvailabilityGroup | Select -ExpandProperty:Servers | Test-ReplicationHealth | Sort Name

Get-MailboxServer ExchangeServer | Select Name, DatabaseCopyAutoActivationPolicy

Get-MailboxServer | Select Name, DatabaseCopyAutoActivationPolicy